The Crusades: The Authoritative History of the War for the Holy Land
4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars | 1,598 ratings
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Last update: 12-29-2024
About this item
The Crusades is an authoritative, accessible single-volume history of the brutal struggle for the Holy Land in the Middle Ages. Thomas Asbridge - a renowned historian who writes with "maximum vividness" (Joan Acocella, The New Yorker) - covers the years 1095 to 1291 in this big, ambitious, listenable account of one of the most fascinating periods in history. From Richard the Lionheart to the mighty Saladin, from the emperors of Byzantium to the Knights Templar, Asbridge's book is a magnificent epic of holy war between the Christian and Islamic worlds, full of adventure, intrigue, and sweeping grandeur.
Top reviews from the United States
5.0 out of 5 stars A fully accessible but scholarly-accomplished history of the Crusades
Asbridge manages to engage the reader not by presenting a mere overview of events - as is the case in God's Battalions: The Case for the Crusades; an excellent read, but one that gives only a cursory glance towards details - but by constructing a masterfully entertaining narrative. The Crusades are a fascinating story; the quality of any book on the subject is determined by the author's skill at collating the information, not on the subject matter. And Asbridge excels at organizing this enormous corpus; he's also the rare wordsmith (why use proximity when propinquity is so... close at hand?) who is also a gifted storyteller, balancing the proper amount of detail necessary to gain an educated academic understanding of the subject with the needs of a narrative to flow smoothly. I can't emphasize this enough - in another author's hands, this level of detail might be uncomfortable and one might feel as though they are slogging through the book, and that's what makes the book so rewarding. I feel as though I've gained an extraordinary amount of knowledge without having to put up with the run-on sentences and unclear and jumbled thought processes often found in serious academic histories.
Asbridge also manages to frame the subject extraordinarily well. I've read several other books on The Crusades, and listened to a full lecture course on the subject from The Great Courses. I found unanswered questions answered, and I felt that Asbridge covered everything quite well and fairly. Asbridge shows no tendency towards bias on either end of the spectrum, and equal time is devoted to both the concepts of Crusade and that of Jihad - something I found very interesting. In fact, the level of detail presented on the Muslim side surpasses anything I've seen anywhere else. There are almost no details on the non-canonical or even heretical crusades, but this is appropriate - this book is the history of the war for the holy land, not the history of Crusading. The initial evolution of the idea of crusading, the typical motives of the crusaders, and the military realities in both the Muslim and Christian world are given sufficient attention so that no portion of the core story of the Wars feels "orphaned" from reality. But there is definitely a conscious effort to keep the book within its bounds, and there is no detailed discussion of Richard's troubles on the home front, for example. Enough to keep you informed, yes - but you're not buying a biography of Eleanor of Aquitaine or John.
In sum, it would be inappropriate to label this book an overview of events. While not exhaustive in its detail, you'd be hard pressed to find any better bang for your page on the entire topic of the Crusades, from start to finish. I would urge any student of history who is considering this book to give it a shot. "The Crusades" would make a both a fantastic introduction and a fitting capstone to any exploration of The Crusades.
4.0 out of 5 stars Great read for someone new to the subject
5.0 out of 5 stars an excellent one-volume history of the Crusades
That both the Christian west and Islamic responses to the Crusades were presented particularly impressed me - typically either one side (The First Crusade, The Crusades) or the other (The Crusades Through Arab Eyes). Towards these ends, Asbridge presents a very clear picture of the causes (religious as well as political) behind Alexius Comnenus' request for assistance, Urban II's call to arms, and the emnity between the Fatimids and 'Abbysids in the Levant. As Asbridge repeatedly shows, doctirnal divisions between both Christians (Byzantine Orthodox and Latin Catholics) and Muslims (Shi'ii and Sunni) provided leverage for both sides in the conflict.
Throughout the book, Asbridge critically reevaluates previous scholarship (most notably by historian Steven Runciman A History of The Crusades, 3 Volume Set: The First Crusade, The Kingdom of Jerusalem, The Kingdom of Acre (Deluxe Folio Society Issue), but also by John Gillingham Richard the Lionheart and Lyons and Jackson Saladin: The Politics of the Holy War (University of Cambridge Oriental Publications No. 30) to name a few) and recent historical and archeological work in the field. His reevaluation of Richard I's ("Richard Lionheart") slaughter of 2600 Muslim prisoners was particularly interesting: the event is seen by some as evidence of western barbarism, by others as proof of Richard's bloodthirstiness - Asbridge, putting it in a strategic context, sheds new light on it. In a similar vein, Asbridge reconsders several key battles during the Crusades: the seige of Antioch, the seige and conquest of Acre and the battle of Hattin (reimagined in Kingdom Of Heaven).
His discsusion of the discovery of the Templar castle at Jacob's Ford - and what it is telling us about the constuction of fortifications, Crusader heirarchy and warfare - was riveting. The same is true of his discussion of medieval tactics and the customs of medieval warfare the 'informal rules of engagement' practiced in the 3rd Crusade.
The salient feature that most non-medievalists miss (or misunderstand) about the Crusades was the role of economics. Asbridge visits and revisits the economic underpinnings of Crusades, showing how even in the midst of acrimonious combat, a thriving world of commerce continued unabated during the Crusades, developing "such close ties of commercial interdependence that (by the 13th century) the Muslims of Syria and Egypt preferred to allow Crusaders to retain their meagre footholds along the coast, rather than risk an interruption of trade and income." (546) The importance and role of econmics in the 4th Crusade are also reconsidered by Asbridge.
Asbridge concludes his history with a close examination of the importance of the Crusades to the medieval world as well as to our own time. His observations are important. Essentially, he argues, there is a disjuncture of popular perception of the Crusades. Current rhetoric projects an "undying and embittered war of religion between Islam and the West" which the Crusades never were. To do so is irresponsible and a dangerous manipulation and misrepresentation of history. Along these lines, the very term 'crusade' has been misappropriated to mean "a just cause" (as in "crusade for the truth"), dissassociating it from its medieval devotional origins, exactly in the same way 'jihad' has been redefined to mean a "holy war" of arms from its devotional origin of "internal spiritual struggle."
In a book this size (my hardcover edition weighs in at just over 680 pages with an additional 57 pages of notes) there is a super-abundance of detail, which can be a bit overwhelming to readers. The style is academic, but it is clearly written for the layperson. The maps (there are 16) are clear, easy to read and very helpful in understanding routes of march, trade and strategy. For those interested in further study, his bibliography is extensive. Highly recommended.