When Shea Stadium is demolished later this year, it will mark another diminishment of the legacy of Robert Moses, the man who built the stadium along with so many of the parks, highways, and buildings that made New York City the city that never sleeps.
But the first and most devastating blow came 34 years ago, when Robert A. Caro wrote this book.
"As long as you're on the side of the parks, you're on the side of angels," Moses would often say. "You can't lose."
Others did lose, though, Long Island farmers whose lands Moses confiscated for state highways, middle-class neighborhoods in the way of his superhighways, and the city's poor who were at best nuisances to the elitist Moses during his decades in power. Combining his management of city affairs with his longer-standing role as state Parks Commission president, Moses was a Nietzschean nightmare of will-to-power pragmatism run amok. As Caro explains it, power was a path to glory, and glory a path to power, in a way that made Moses deaf to all other considerations, both idealistic and practical.
Eventually it made him corrupt, though not in the way it's more commonly understood. "Some men aren't satisfied unless they have caviar," said John A. Coleman, a broker of considerable power himself. "Moses would have been happy with a ham sandwich - and power."
Caro's book is an engaging landmark account of Moses' path, full of vibrant characters like Al Smith and Nelson Rockefeller with whom Moses dealt and clashed. It presents a sense of New York City as an almost living thing, an infrastructure challenge not only because of its developed landscape but because of its unique demands of demographics and geography - only one of its five boroughs, the Bronx, is on the American mainland. Moses' solutions, however, were often worse than the problems.
Caro spends a long time on Moses' foibles but never really explains how he amassed such a collection of structural triumphs. Shea Stadium, for example, is only touched upon as background to the failure of Moses' 1964-65 World's Fair. His state work, especially upstate, is almost entirely ignored. In damning Moses, Caro leans on some well-researched critical facts as well as some points about Moses' resistance to mass transit that doesn't allow for the fact Moses was not the only believer in the power of the automobile. The book reads like quicksilver at points, yet drags in others, especially when Caro is beating home the point of how little Moses cared about other people.
I'm glad I read "Power Broker", but I can't ever see myself trying to read it in toto again. It's exhaustive, single-minded, and giant in scope - much like the man it's about.
Marzipan Carmichael
Brian Blueskye
Greg Arbogast
Bill Slocum